소극적이다 (sogeukjeogida) means “to be passive” or “reserved” in Korean. It describes someone who is hesitant, avoids taking initiative, or prefers to stay in the background rather than actively engaging in situations.
Usage Examples:
그는 토론에서 소극적이다. → “He is passive in discussions.”
소극적인 태도는 기회를 놓칠 수 있다. → “A passive attitude can lead to missed opportunities.”
그녀는 처음에는 소극적이었지만 점점 적극적으로 변했다. → “She was passive at first, but gradually became more proactive.”
It is the opposite of 적극적이다 (jeokgeukjeogida), which means “to be proactive” or “assertive.”
소극적 = passive, reserved, reluctant, unassertive.
소극적인 is the adjective form, meaning “passive” or “reserved” in attitude, personality, or behavior.
It describes someone who avoids taking initiative, is hesitant, or doesn’t actively participate.
📝 Example Sentences
그는 성격이 소극적이라서 먼저 말을 잘 안 건다. → He has a passive personality, so he doesn’t usually start conversations.
회의에서 너무 소극적인 태도를 보였다. → He showed a very passive attitude in the meeting.
소극적인 참여로는 좋은 결과를 얻기 어렵다. → With passive participation, it’s hard to achieve good results.
그녀는 소극적인 성격 때문에 기회를 놓쳤다. → She missed the opportunity because of her passive personality.
💡 Common Expressions Related to 소극적인
소극적인 태도 → Passive attitude (Often used in workplaces or schools when someone doesn’t engage actively.)
소극적인 참여 → Passive participation (Used when someone joins but doesn’t contribute much.)
소극적인 성격 → Reserved personality (Describes someone shy or hesitant.)
소극적인 방어 (sports context) → Passive defense (When a team/player defends without much energy or initiative.)
⚡ Nuance
소극적인 is neutral to slightly negative — it doesn’t mean “bad,” but it implies lack of initiative or energy.
It’s often contrasted with 적극적인 (active, proactive).
Example:
소극적인 태도 vs 적극적인 태도 → Passive attitude vs proactive attitude.