| Nominalization | Usage | Tone/Formality | Notes | Example |
|---|
| -기 | Turns verbs into nouns for general actions | Neutral, more abstract | Used for habits, preferences, or abstract actions | 책 읽기 좋아해요 (“I like reading books”) |
| -ㅁ / -음 | Turns verbs/adjectives into nouns for facts or concepts | Slightly formal or literary | Common in writing and announcements | 출발함을 알렸다 (“[He] announced the departure”) |
| -는 것 | Describes ongoing or specific actions | Conversational and flexible | Used in daily speech to describe or emphasize actions | 공부하는 것이 중요해요 (“Studying is important”) |